In January the US and Australian equity markets achieved new all-time highs delivering returns for the 12 months to 31st January in their local currencies of 20% and 7% respectively. US equities were lifted by the strength of the “Magnificent 7” labelled stocks being Microsoft, Meta Platforms, Tesla, Apple, Alphabet, Amazon, and NVIDIA. The rally in equities was driven by cooling inflation coupled with the expectation that a hard landing, i.e. a recession, will be avoided and that cash rate reductions will start to occur soon. Therefore, risks to equity returns going forward have lessened. Bond yields didn’t move significantly in January noting that in December yields fell significantly reflecting the future potential cash rate reductions due in 2024 and 2025.

In December bond yields continued their retreat (prices increased) which in-turn caused growth asset prices to also increase further. This rapid change in direction of bond yields over the last two months has helped to deliver a 5% return in passive fixed income investments for the year and has also seen strong gains from growth assets with Australian equities up ~12% and International equities (both currency hedged and unhedged) up over 20% in the last 12 months.

November saw a large reduction in bond yields as the market took a better-than-expected US inflation print to conclude that the US Federal Reserve has beaten inflation, are done with further rate hikes and that a pivot (cash rate cuts) are on the cards for early 2024. The result of this change in belief saw a rally in growth assets, in particular bond proxies such as listed real estate and infrastructure, and the US Dollar weakened.

October was marred by the start of the Israel-Gaza conflict with the devastating and continuing loss of lives for those in and around the conflict zone. This conflict currently shows no signs of abating and coupled with the ongoing Russia/Ukraine conflict, is impacting investors’ confidence with investors finding haven in assets such as the US Dollar and gold with the latter briefly rising above the key US$2,000/oz level.

The historic dispute of middle eastern territories between Israel and the State of Palestine became destructive on October 7th as the Palestinian militant group, Hamas, launched what has been labelled as a “terrorist attack” on Israel resulting in more than 1,400 Israelis being killed. In addition, Hamas took an estimated 230 Israeli soldiers and civilians hostage. Not surprisingly, an ongoing military retaliation against Hamas has ensued mainly involving air strikes against Hamas targets. The situation has been further complicated by the involvement of Lebanese Shia Islamist political party and militant group, Hezbollah. Both Hamas and Hezbollah are funded by Iran which has incentivized the U.S. to send troops to the region in a show of support for Israel and the US has been involved in bombings of facilities used by Iran’s Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps and other Iranian proxies in neighboring Syria.

De-inversion of yield curves continued during the month. An increase in 10 year bond yields relative to 2 year bond yields over the month weighed on both bond and equity returns for the month. Investors are re-calibrating valuations as risk-free rates and long term bond yields are changing. The prospect of higher interest rates for longer is changing risk/reward considerations for all asset classes.

Investment markets were up in July due to optimism regarding evidence of softening inflation. However, this didn’t stop some central banks from tightening monetary policy further. The US Federal Reserve raised interest rates in July to a range of 5.25-5.50% along with the European Central Bank raising rates to 3.75% the highest level since the year 2000. The Reserve Bank of Australia kept rates on hold in July.

Investment markets were up in July due to optimism regarding evidence of softening inflation. However, this didn’t stop some central banks from tightening monetary policy further. The US Federal Reserve raised interest rates in July to a range of 5.25-5.50% along with the European Central Bank raising rates to 3.75% the highest level since the year 2000. The Reserve Bank of Australia kept rates on hold in July.

In May investment markets fretted over the US Government’s debt ceiling negotiations as Democrats and Republicans aimed to strike a deal that would suspend the debt-issuance cap for 2 years to avoid a default. Any default would have significant ramifications for the US dollar and the credit quality of US debt with impacts felt across asset classes.